welding processes
SMAW, GMAW, GTAW, MCAW and FCAW are different welding processes with different applications. Determining which welding process is used for production is done by the welding engineer, but choosing which process to test as a welder is based on the type of work that the welder is looking to do.
SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc Welding)
SMAW, or stick welding, is the most common welding process. SMAW is ideal for welding thick metals, and it is a versatile process that can be used in various environments, such as structural steel and bridge fabrication.
GMAW (Gas Metal Arc Welding)
GMAW, also known as MIG (Metal Inert Gas) welding, is ideal for welding thin metals and is a fast and efficient process. This process is most commonly used in manufacturing applications.
GTAW (Gas Tungsten Arc Welding)
GTAW, also known as TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas) welding, is ideal for welding thin metals and producing high-quality welds. This process is commonly used for piping root passes, stainless steel, and other non-ferrous materials. GTAW requires a high level of skill and dexterity. It is also a popular process for hobbyists and makes beautiful artwork!
MCAW (Metal Core Arc Welding)
In Canada the CWB recognizes MCAW and FCAW as the same qualification. When choosing which process to test, select the one you are most familiar with.
MCAW is ideal for welding thick metals and producing high-quality welds and is becoming a more common process in Canada.
FCAW (Flux Cored Arc Welding)
FCAW is also ideal for welding thick metals and producing high-quality welds and has been replacing SMAW welding in production applications.
Choosing the process that is best for you to test comes down to the type of welding work that the welder is trying to obtain. Working in Manufacturing a GMAW qualification in the Flat and Horizontal position would be recommended. Working in the field doing field erection and repairs, SMAW all position (flat, horizontal, vertical and overhead) would be most applicable. FCAW and MCAW are becoming the welding processes of choice for fabrication work. Whatever welding process you choose, understand how the testing process works before your test.
The CWB Group has some helpful resources for welders:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_ENV5JggTI8 – SMAW
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rhR7aQmuE5s – GMAW
